GGR is the total amount wagered by players minus the total amount won by players, before bonuses, taxes, and provider fees — the headline revenue line in iGaming.
Gross Gaming Revenue (GGR)
TL;DR: GGR is the total amount wagered by players minus the total amount won by players, before bonuses, taxes, and provider fees — the headline revenue line in iGaming.
What it means
GGR is the casino or sportsbook's "win." If players stake $10M in a month and win $9.2M back, GGR is $800K. It's the most-quoted metric in iGaming press releases because it's the biggest number, but it overstates the operator's economic reality once bonus cost and taxes are netted.
GGR is also the basis for most gaming-duty calculations (UK 21% GGT, Spain 20%, several LATAM regimes 12–15%) and for some affiliate rev-share contracts in less mature markets.
Formula / How it's measured
GGR = Total Stakes (Handle) − Total Winnings Paid Out
For sportsbook: GGR = Handle × Hold %. A $50M monthly sportsbook handle at 8% hold = $4M GGR.
For casino: GGR is the sum of (bet − win) across all rounds, which converges to theoretical via 1 − RTP over large volume.
Why it matters for operators
GGR is the input to NGR, gaming tax liability, and provider revenue share. Slot providers typically charge 10–18% of GGR, so GGR directly drives content cost. GGR per active user is also a quick health check — falling GGR/MAU usually signals churn of high-value players before it shows up in overall revenue.
Common benchmarks (2026)
- Slot GGR/handle: 3–6% (= 94–97% RTP)
- Sportsbook GGR/handle (hold): 6–10% pre-game, 4–7% live, blended 7–9%
- Live casino GGR/handle: 1.5–3%
- GGR mix Tier 2 LATAM: ~70% casino, 30% sportsbook (varies by brand)
Common mistakes
- Confusing GGR with revenue in investor materials (it isn't — NGR is)
- Reporting GGR before voids and chargebacks
- Comparing GGR across operators without normalising for bonus inclusion policy
See also